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Fleas are parasites, feeding directly on humans or other warm blooded animals.
Usually you or your pet serve as these hosts.
A flea can jump 7 to 8 inches vertically and 14 to 16 inches horizontally.
A skin reaction to a flea bite appears as a slightly raised and red itchy
spot.
Sometimes these sores bleed. Fleas usually require warm and humid conditions
to develop.
Due to the flea cycle and weather conditions, many people don't realize
they have
a flea problem until they return home from vacation or after a move to new
premises
and are confronted by hungry fleas. There are several types of fleas,
but the most common is the cat flea, even on dogs.
Fleas are attracted to body heat, movement, and exhaled carbon dioxide.
Flea Appearance
The average flea ranges in size from 1/12 to 1/6 inch long.
Fleas are very small and have no wings.
Their bodies are narrow if viewed from the sides.
Slender fleas can get into and move around in narrow areas.
Because their bodies are covered with spines projecting backward, they
are difficult to remove
by shaking or scratching.
Diet:
Adult fleas feed on blood; the larvae eat "flea diet" consisting of
dried blood.
Habits and Biology of Fleas:
Fleas go through a complete metamorphosis. There are four distinct stages:
eggs, larvae, pupae, and adult.
Flea eggs are laid on the host or are deposited on the floor or ground.
They also are often found in upholstery or pet's bedding.
A female flea will continue to lay a few eggs every day until she has
yielded up to 200 to 400 eggs.
These eggs will develop into flea larvae within 2 days to several weeks,
depending on the temperature and humidity.
Flea larvae are active and look like maggots.
The larvae will feed on organic debris, but particularly like to feed
on feces of the adult fleas.
This "flea diet" contains undigested blood.
The flea larvae are hard to spot and are found deep in the carpets or
the cracks and crevices of floors and upholstery.
They are very difficult to vacuum, because the get entwined in the carpet
fibers.
The next stage, called the pupae look like a cocoon, also hard to spot.
Under warm conditions many adult fleas will emerge
from this protective cocoon within 7 to 14 days, longer under less favorable
conditions.
Whenever you see adult fleas crawling on your pet,
it is only a symptom of a much larger problem.
Current studies indicate that adult fleas account for only 5%
of the total flea population in any given situation.
Eggs account for 50%, larvae account for about 35%,
and the remaining 10% are the pupa cocoons. That means that for every
single adult flea
living on your dog or cat, there are 10 eggs, 7 larvae, and 2 cocoons.
Click on image to enlarge
These various life cycle stages will be found anywhere in the pet's environment,
but will be most concentrated in the areas that the pet spends most of
its
time, like the pet's bed area. Remember, when the adult flea lays an egg
on the pet,
it will fall off the hairs in just a few minutes, similar to sowing seeds.
If the pet usually walks through certain paths (either indoors or outdoors),
there will also be a substantial amount of eggs scattered in those areas.
What this means is that environmental flea control must be spread over
the pet's entire environment,
focusing on the areas the pet spends the majority of his or her
time: the sleeping areas and the walking paths.
Recommended Flea Control Treatment :
The best time to start a flea control program is in the late spring,
prior to an infestation,
since adult fleas comprise only 5% of the total flea population.
To contain an infestation, fleas must be controlled in every way:
Flea Control Treatment in the home:
Frequently dust, sweep, vacuum, and mop all surfaces where pets or you
have been. Eggs are laid on the pet and drop off as it moves.
All affected pets should be treated at this time and removed from the
premises for 4 to 6 hours.
Remove birds from the home if you are using liquid insecticides.
Cover or remove fish, and turn off the pump.
You should keep covered shoes on until all treated areas have dried (4-6
hours) if you are using liquid insecticides.
1. 
Successful treatment with liquid treatments ,involves the use of a residual
insecticide concentrate to control the adult flea and a
growth inhibitor (IGR) to prevent the larvae from developing.
This method lasts 4-6 months.
2.  Successful
treatment with Flea Powders ,involves the use
of a Flea Stopper Flea Powder to dehydrate and kill fleas in two stages
of the life cycle.Flea larvae, which hatch from the eggs, ingest the
material and because it is a dessicant, it causes them to become constipated
because there is not enough moisture to move their bowels. Consequently,
they are poisoned by their own wastes and die, never developing into
an adult flea. The adult flea is also killed by the dehydrating action
of the granules. This method lasts one year,
however it takes 4-6 weeks to entirely cut the cycle and begin to see
results. For that reason we have a complete kit to take care of the
initial stages.
Flea Stoppers Once A Year Kit with Ultracide
3.  Successful treatment with aerosols would
be using an aerosol that has a residual insectide and an IGR mixed
together. The advantage of using an aerosol over a liquid is that it
is easier because you don't have to mix anything.
This method lasts 4-6 months.
Recommended flea control powder:
This 5lb canister of Flea Stoppers will cover 2000 sq. ft.
The canister comes with a shaker top for ease of application.
Simply shake the material into carpeted areas of the home and use a broom or carpet rake to work the material into the nap of the carpet.
We recommend that you vacuum the carpets well prior to application and throw the bag away afterwards as fleas can continue to hatch in the bags.
Flea Stoppers Carpet Powder is unconditionally guaranteed for one full year from date of application. If after six weeks, fleas reappear in your home, present a receipt of sale to Flea Stoppers, Inc. and they will refund your money or replace your product at no charge.
Flea
Stoppers Flea Powder-5 lb.
Flea Stopper Kit
Contains: 1- 5 lb. Flea Stopper + 2 Ultracide Aerosols
Guarantee: Flea Stoppers Carpet Powder is unconditionally guaranteed for one full year from date of application.
If after six weeks, fleas reappear in your home, present a receipt of sale to Flea Stoppers, Inc. and they will refund your money or replace your product at no charge.
It does take 4-6 weeks for the Flea Stoppers to kick in due to the flea cycle. You may want to add to your Flea Stoppers some Ultracide Aerosols. First spray with the Ultracide , then use the Flea Stoppers
Recommended flea control using growth inhibitors(IGR) and liquid insecticides:
Recommended IGR'S:
Martin's IGR-
Martin's IGR 2 OZ.
Martin's IGR 4 OZ.
Demize Nylar IGR
Demize Nylar 16 oz.
Precor IGR
Precor IGR (10-1 oz. bottles)
Recommended residual insecticides:
 Evercide MC Insecticide- odorless, yields for 20 gallons for flea control (great on hard surfaces or carpet, does not have an order
- CONQUER
- , 8 gallon yield
(good on carpet, does have an order)
Mix the residual insecticide and growth inhibitor in a pressure lawn
and garden sprayer according to directions.
For every 1,000 square feet of carpeted surface, mix:
- 2 oz. Conquer + 1 oz. Growth inhibitor + 1 gallon of water
- 1/2 oz. Evercide MC+ 1 oz. Growth inhibitor + 1 gallon of water
RECOMMENDED OUNCES ARE FOR MAXIMUM STRENGTH AND EFFECT
NOTE: For hardwood or tile, these formulations will cover 1,500 sq.
ft.
Evercide MC is the best choice for concrete
surfaces and hardwood flooring. It adheres to the surface more readily
than other liquid insecticides.
Use up all the solution the same day you mix it. Does not store well.
Expect to see fleas the first month. These are pupa that continue to
emerge. Results from the growth inhibitor cannot be judged for about four
weeks. Re treatments with the residual insecticide will probably be necessary
within the first 30 days.
The growth inhibitor will last on the average about 4 months, and could
last up to 6 to 7 months.
An alternative flea treatment would
be to use aerosols that have the IGR and residual combined (no mixing
required) :
 PRECOR
2000, or Ultracide
can
aerosol with a residual insecticide to kill the adult fleas and an insect
growth regulator.
Precor 2000 Premise Spray-16 oz.
Precor 2000 Premise Spray- 2- 16 oz. cans
Precor 2000 Aerosol Spray
ULTRACIDE FLEA IGR AND ADULTICIDE-20 OZ.
Ultracide
Flea Spray
ULTRACIDE FLEA IGR AND ADULTICIDE-2- 20 OZ. CANS
Exterior Flea and Tick Control: Granules and Liquid Concentrates
An exterior flea problem can be caused by your pets and/or other animals
in the area.
Exterior treatment is most effective in a contained area that
is kept mowed and free of debris.
Liquid concentrates for flea control would be faster, but would require frequent retreatments(once a month)
For short term results(but faster results) ,a recommended insecticide
to kill the adult fleas would be
Bifen IT.
Mix at the rate of 1/2 oz. per gallon of water. Use about 3 gallons of water per 1,500 sq. feet. Repeat once a month
-
Bifen IT-Pt, Qt. and 5 Qt. sizes
For long term results(but slower results) ,a recommended granulated insecticide
to kill the adult fleas would be
Bifen LP Granulars.
This should be repeated every 2-3 months For every 1,0000 sq. ft. of ground use:
-
Bifen LP- Granules-25 lbs
-
This should be repeated at least once every two -three months during the flea
season.
Bifen LP and Bifen IT will work on ticks as well at the same rate of dosage.
Treating for Fleas on your pet:
If possible,consult your vet about the health and skin condition of
your
pet prior to treatment.
Begin flea control on the pet by using a mild shampoo and a sponge-type
flea dip, flea spray, or flea shampoo.
Recommended Pet Products:
- : contains enzymes to break down and eliminate bad
odors caused from urine, feces,
vomit or decaying organic matter environmentally friendly in a ready
to use formula.
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